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A Mediclinic lymphatic therapist explains how complete decongestive therapy (CDT) uses compression techniques to reduce swelling and enhance the body's immune system.
Lymphoedema, a condition characterised by the accumulation of lymph fluid, poses significant challenges to those affected, particularly when it results from secondary causes like infections, injuries, or cancer treatments. Understanding and managing this condition is critical, as it can lead to severe swelling, discomfort, and a compromised immune system. Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT) offers a comprehensive approach to reduce swelling, alleviate symptoms and enhance the quality of life for patients.
Understanding secondary lymphoedema and its challenges
"Lymph drainage is a natural process in the body," explains Jennifer Dunn, a certified lymphatic therapist at Mediclinic Panorama. "When the body is unable to drain this fluid by itself, there is a build-up of fluids and bacteria that requires external assistance in order to drain."
The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's immune system and overall health. Lymph, a protein-rich fluid, helps remove excess proteins and bacteria from the cells. However, when the lymphatic system is compromised, it can lead to a build-up of fluid, commonly seen in the arms, legs, face, neck, and genitals, known as lymphoedema.
Complete decongestive therapy: A comprehensive approach
Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT) is recognized as an international best practice for the treatment of lymphoedema and other lymph-related oedemas. This therapy combines several techniques to provide effective treatments for reducing swelling and improving lymphatic drainage. "Complete Decongestive Therapy includes a gentle massage technique, multi-layer compression bandaging, and compression garments," explains Dunn.
The treatment is divided into two phases: the intensive phase and the maintenance phase. The intensive phase involves 10-20 regular visits to a therapist to relieve as much swelling as possible. "This treatment plan should start as soon as possible after a trauma to the system or when symptoms are first noticed," Dunn warns. The maintenance phase focuses on preventing the swelling from returning and teaching patients self-management techniques.
The role of compression therapy in reducing swelling and boosting the immune system
Compression therapy is a vital component of CDT, playing a significant role in reducing swelling and supporting the body's immune system. By applying pressure to the affected areas, compression garments and bandaging help facilitate lymphatic drainage and prevent the re-accumulation of fluid. "A qualified therapist will be able to assist you in choosing the correct treatment plan and teach self-management techniques," Dunn notes.
The primary symptom of lymphoedema is swelling in parts of the body, which can lead to discomfort and difficulty in fitting into clothes or wearing jewellery. In addition to swelling, patients may experience an aching, heavy feeling, stiffness, skin infections, and in severe cases, fluid leaking through the skin. Regular use of compression therapy can significantly alleviate these symptoms and improve the quality of life for individuals with lymphoedema.
Dunn emphasises the importance of seeking professional help. "Although lymphoedema is a common condition, South Africa is lucky to have many well-qualified therapists who are able to assist in the effective management of the swelling. No condition should affect your ability to perform those activities that bring meaning to your life."