Healthy Life

You might think your home is spotless, but it’s important to stay alert to stop germs from spreading.

Every day, you touch surfaces teeming with microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi), often referred to in simple terms as ‘germs’. These invisible threats can potentially make you sick or cause an infection.

“Understanding where these ‘germs’ lurk and knowing how to protect yourself can significantly reduce your risk of illness,” says Madelain Brits, a professional nurse and Infection Prevention Control Manager at Mediclinic Medforum.

Types of germs

During your daily routine, you’re likely to encounter four types of germs:

  • Bacteria (e.g., Salmonella, which can cause food poisoning)
  • Viruses (e.g., Rhinovirus, which can cause the common cold)
  • Fungi (e.g., Trichophyton, which can cause athlete’s foot)
  • Parasites (e.g., Giardia, which can cause diarrhoea).

You might be surprised to discover where these microbes are most often found.

In your home

Kitchen sponges and dishcloths: These everyday items are probably the most unexpected ‘germ hotspots’ in your home, as they create the perfect breeding ground for bacteria which thrive in warm, moist environments.” These items can harbour harmful pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli,” explains Brits.
Solution: Replace sponges regularly , place in a bowl of water and microwave  for two minutes , or run them through the dishwasher.

Bathroom taps: Although a lower risk in the home environment, consider that before you wash  your hands with soap and water after using the toilet, your hands have contact with the tap handle itself which could transfer germs to the surfaces.  (OR Even in your home, taps can become a touchpoint for cross-contamination. “You often touch the tap before you wash your hands, especially after using the toilet. This means germs can be transferred to taps and be passed on,” explains Brits.
Solution: Regular cleaning with detergents or cleaning agents can reduce the burden of organisms on surfaces that are commonly touched. Change hand towels regularly.

Cellphones: Studies show that your cellphone can carry more bacteria than a toilet seat. “You take your phone everywhere – even to the bathroom – and touch them constantly says Brits, so microorganisms are easily transferred from your hands, your phone and your face
Solution: Clean your phone regularly with a slightly dampened cloth or alcohol-based disinfectant wipes designed for use on electronics.

In public places

Shopping trolleys: These are touched by many people and can harbour anything from food particles, dirt, sweat and mucous. Experts say they can carry a range of germs, from common cold viruses to more harmful bacteria like Salmonella which can cause gastroenteritis.   

Solution: Use the sanitising wipes provided in supermarkets and shopping centres before handling a trolley or carry your own wipes. Always clean your hands before eating or touching your face.

ATM keypads and elevator buttons: “Microbes found on keypads can include those from human skin, food, and even domestic animals,” explains Brits.
Solution: Considerusing a knuckle instead of your fingertip to press buttons and always sanitise hands after use.

Public transport: Many people touch the handrails and seats on buses, trains, and taxis every day.
Solution: “Avoid touching your face while using public transport as germs can enter your body through your eyes, nose and mouth,” cautions Brits. “Wash your hands as soon as possible after commuting.”

How to avoid transmitting germs

Regular handwashing. Regular handwashing is your best defence. “Using soap and water, and washing for at least 20 seconds, is one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of infections,” says Brits. Focus on fingertips, between fingers, and under nails.

“When soap and water aren’t available, use a hand sanitiser containing at least 60% alcohol,” she advises. Keep travel-sized bottles in your car, bag, and desk for convenient access.

Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth. Become aware of your actions-these areas are lined with mucous membranes, which provide an easy entry point for germs.

Clean high-touch surfaces in your home. Do this a few times a week, concentrating on doorknobs, light switches, and remote controls using a mild detergent- there is no need for excessive disinfectants in most home environments.

Use a paper towel or your sleeve. This may prevent you from touching contaminated surfaced in public areas with bare hands. This includes door handles and taps in public toilets.

“You can also support your body’s natural defences and boost your immune system by getting enough sleep, managing stress, staying physically active, and eating a healthy diet high in fruits and vegetables,” Brits adds.